WDS 13239+5456 PSF 1 Ca,Cb (Alcor)

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Herschel, W.
Herschel, J.F.W.
Struve, Otto
Struve, F.G.W.

WDS 13239+5456 PSF 1 Ca,Cb (Alcor) : NOTES

discov_num	notes	refcode
STF1744	A is zet UMa = Mizar. B is 80 UMa = Alcor.
	Split by Benedetto Castelli. After resolving AD in	C__1616
	1617 he wrote to his friend, Galileo, to observe the pair, "It's one of	C__1617
	the beautiful things in the sky and I don't believe that in our pursuit
	one could desire better." Galileo measured it in early 1617. See the	G__1617
	excellent discussion of its discovery in Leos Ondra's July 2004 Sky &
	Telescope article, from which Galileo's measure was extracted. It was
	independently found double in 1650 by Jean Baptiste Riccioli in	Ric1651
	Bologna: "There appears to be one star in the middle of the Great
	Bear's tail, where there are actually two, as the telescope reveals."
	This was also the first to be observed photographically, by John A.
	Whipple with the Harvard 15inch on 27 April 1857. According to Aitken,
	this was the first observed photographically (G.P. Bond at Harvard	A__1935f
	College Observatory in 1857 using an 8 second exposure on a collodion	BdG1858a
	plate), and the first spectroscopic binary discovered (E.C. Pickering	Pck1890
	in 1889). A is a spectroscopic binary, P = 20.54d (first orbit 1901).	Vog1901
	B is also a spectroscopic binary (first orbits 1908), P = 175.6d,	XXX1908a
	spectrum A1m or A1/A2/A7. Also, common proper motion with 80 UMa	XXX1908b
	80 UMa (Alcor) and other members of the Ursa Major stream.
	AC: SHY 247. Bayesian analysis by Shaya & Olling (2011) indicates very	Shy2011
	high (near 100%) probability pair is physical.
PEA 1	Mistakenly given the discoverer designation 'MKT 8' in the WDS,	Pea1925
	but actually first resolved by Pease in 1925, six decades before the
	Mark III interferometer measures. This system has completed some 1,350
	revolutions since its first resolution, probably a record for any
	"visual" binary.
	The orbit of Aa,Ab by Russell (1927) is combined interferometric/	Rus1927
	spectroscopic (double-lined spectrum). A small magnitude difference
	(which would probably place the ascending node in the second quadrant)
	is uncertain.
	Star B (mag. 3.96, 15") is physical, and is itself a 175.55d SB1.
	Visual orbit by Hummel et al. (1995) is based on astrometry from the	MkT1995
	Mark III interferometer. Additional spectroscopic data yield component
	masses, luminosities, radii, effective temperatures, and distance.
	See Baize & Petit (1989) catalog of doubles with variable component.	Baz1989d
	Pourbaix gives combined solution for this resolved SB2, yielding
	orbital parallaxes and component masses.	Pbx2000b
SMR 4	AD: This was the first component of Mizar split by Benedetto Castelli	C__1616
	in late 1616. It was called "Sidus Ludoviciana" (Ludwig's Star) by	XXX2004
	Johann Georg Liebnecht for the Landgrave Ludwig of Hessen-Darmstadt
	who thought he has discovered a planet. He was wrong.
SHY 247	AE: HIP 65378 + HIP 64532. E component = A component of 13136+5643
	= C component of 12487+6019.
SHY 247	AF: HIP 65378 + HIP 65327. F component = D component of 12417+5543.
SHY 248	CE: HIP 65477 + HIP 64532.
SHY 248	CF: HIP 65477 + HIP 65327.
SHY 248	CG: HIP 65477 + HIP 61100. G component = G component of 13136+5643.
SHY 248	CH: HIP 65477 + HIP 61481.
STF1744	AB: H 3 2.	MEv2010

REFERENCES

refcode	metd	author	reference
A__1935f	-	Aitken, R.G.	1935QB821.A3.......
A__1935f		The Binary Stars, 1935
Baz1989d	-	Baize, P. & Petit, M.	1989A&AS...77..497B
Baz1989d		A&AS 77, 497, 1989
BdG1858a	P -	Bond, G.P.	1858AN.....48....1
BdG1858a		AN 47, 1, 1858
C__1616	V -	Castelli, B.	2004S&T...108a..72O
C__1616		(as cited by Ondra, L., S&T, July 2004, p 72)
C__1616		(see also: http://www.leosondra.cz/en/mizar/)
C__1617	not -	Castelli, B.	2004S&T...108a..72O
C__1617	+V	(as cited by Ondra, L., S&T, July 2004, p 72)
C__1617		(see also: http://www.leosondra.cz/en/mizar/)
G__1617	V -	Galileo Galilei	2004S&T...108a..72O
G__1617	+not	Galilo manuscript 70 c, 10r, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, Florence, p 74
G__1617		(also see Ond2004)
MEv2010	-	MacEvoy, B.	...................
MEv2010		private communication, 2010 (see http://www.handprint.com/ASTRO/index.html)
MkT1995	Km j	Hummel, C.A., Armstrong, J.T., Buscher, D.F., Mozurkewich, D., Quirrenbach, A., &	1995AJ....110..376H
MkT1995	+orb	Vivekanand, M.
MkT1995		AJ 110, 376, 1995
Pbx2000b	orb -	Pourbaix, D.	2000A&AS..145..215P
Pbx2000b		A&AS 145, 215, 2000
Pck1890	not -	Pickering, E.	1890SidM....9...80P
Pck1890		Siderial Messenger 9, 80, 1890
Pea1925	Jp j	Pease, F.G.	1925PASP...37..155P
Pea1925		PASP 37, 155, 1925
Ric1651	V -	Riccoli, G.B.	2004S&T...108a..72O
Ric1651	+not	(as cited by Ondra, L., S&T, July 2004, p 72)
Ric1651		also see : http://www.leosondra.cz/en/mizar/riccioli/
Rus1927	orb -	Russell, H.N.	1927PASP...39..313R
Rus1927		PASP 39, 313, 1927
Shy2011	-	Shaya, E.J. & Olling, R.	2011ApJS..192....2S
Shy2011		ApJS 192, 2, 2011
Shy2011		(Statistical analysis of probability that wide Hipparcos pairs are physical. Pairs
Shy2011		added to WDS only if probability 90% or greater.)
Vog1901	not -	Vogel, H.C.	1901ApJ....13..324V
Vog1901		ApJ 13, 324, 1890
XXX1908a	not -	Frost, E.B.	1908AN....177..171F
XXX1908a		AN 177, 171, 1908
XXX1908b	not -	Ludendorff, H.	1908AN....177....7L
XXX1908b		AN 177, 7, 1908
XXX2004	not -	Ondra, L.	2004S&T...108a..72O
XXX2004		S&T, July 2004, p 72)
XXX2004		also see : http://www.leosondra.cz/en/mizar/riccioli/

DISCOVERER

discov	author
A	Aitken, R.G.
MKT	Shao, M., Colavita, M.M., Hines, B.E., Staelin, D.H., Hutter, D.J., Johnston, K.J.,
MKT	Mozurkewich, D., Simon, R.S., Hershey, J.L., Hughes, J.A. & Kaplan, G.H.
MKT	Hutter, D.J., Johnston, K.J., Mozurkewich, D., Simon, R.S., Colavita, M.M., Pan,
MKT	X.P., Shao, M., Hines, B.E., Staelin, D.H., Hershey, J.L., Hughes, J.A. & Kaplan,
MKT	G.H.
MKT	Mozurkewich, D., Johnston, K.J., Simon, R.S., Bowers, P.F., Gaume, R., Hutter,
MKT	D.J., Colavita, M.M., Shao, M. & Pan, X.P.
MKT	Pan, X.P., Shao, M., Colavita, M.M., Armstrong, J.T., Mozurkewich, D.,
MKT	Vivekanand, M., Denison, C.S., Simon, R.S., et al.
MKT	Armstrong, J.T., Mozurkewich, D., Vivekanand, M., Simon, R.S., Denison, C.S.,
MKT	Johnston, K.J., Pan, X.-P., Shao, M., et al.
MKT	Armstrong, J.T., Hummel, C.A., Quirrenbach, A., Buscher, D.F., Mozurkewich, D.,
MKT	Vivekanand, M., Simon, R.S., Denison, C.S., et al.
MKT	Hummel, C.A., Armstrong, J.T., Quirrenbach, A., Buscher, D.F., Mozurkewich, D.,
MKT	Simon, R.S., & Johnston, K.J.
MKT	Hummel, C.A., Armstrong, J.T., Quirrenbach, A., Buscher, D.F., Mozurkewich, D.,
MKT	Elias, N.M., & Wilson, R.E.
MKT	Mozurkewich, D., Armstrong, J.T., Hindsley, R., Quirrenbach, A., Hummel, C.A.,
MKT	Hutter, D., Johnston, K.J., Hajian, A., Elias, N.M., II, Buscher, D., & Simon, R.
MKT	Armstrong, J.T., Mozurkewich, D., Hajian, A.R., Johnston, K.J., Thessin, R.N.,
MKT	Peterson, D.M., Hummel, C.A., & Gilbreath, G.C.
PBX	Pourbaix, D., Nidever, D., McCarthy, C., Butler, R.P., Tinney, C.G., Marcy, G.W.,
PBX	Jones, H.R.A., Penny, A.J., et al.
PBX	Pourbaix, D., Tokovinin, A.A., & Batten, A.H., Fekel, F.C., Hartkopf, W.I.,
PBX	Levato, H., Morrell, N.I., Torres, G., & Udry, S.
XXX	Ake, T.B., Fekel, F.C., Hall, D.S., Barksdale, W.S., Landis, H.J., Fried, R.E.,
XXX	Louth, H. & Hopkins, J.L.
XXX	Grundahl, F., Andersen, M.F., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Antoci, V., Kjeldsen, H.,
XXX	Handberg, R., Houdek, G., Bedding, T.R., Palle, P.L., Jessen-Hansen, J., Aguirre,
XXX	V.S., White, T.R., Frandsen, S., Albrecht, S., Andersen, M.I., Arentoft, T.,
XXX	Brogaard, K., Chaplin, W.J., Harpsoe, K., Jorgensen, U.G., Karovicova, I., Karoff,
XXX	C., Rasmussen, P.K., Lund, M.N., Lundkvist, M.S., Skottfelt, J., Sorensen, A.N.,
XXX	Tronsgaard, R. & Weiss, E.
XXX	White, T.R., Benomar, O., Silva Aguirre, V., Ball, W.H., Bedding, T.R., Chaplin,
XXX	W.J., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Garcia, R.A., Gizon, L., Stello, D., Aigrain, S.,
XXX	Anita, H.M., Appourchaux, T., Bazot, M., Campante, T.L., Creevey, O.L., Davies,
XXX	G.R., Elsworth, Y.P., Gaulme, P., Handberg, R., Hekker, S., Houdek, G., Howe, R.,
XXX	Huber, D., Karoff, C., Marques, J.P., Mathur, S., McQuillan, A., Metcalfe, T.S.,
XXX	Mosser, B., Nielsen, M.B., Regulo, C., Salabert, D. & Stahn, T.
XXX	Mahy, L., Gosset, E., Manfroid, J., Nitschelm, C., Herve, A., Semaan, T.,
XXX	Marcadon, F., Appourchaux, T. & Marques, J.P.
XXX	Koubsky, P., Harmanec, P., Broz, M., Kotkova, L., Yang, S., Bozic, H., Sudar, D.,
XXX	Landstreet, J.D. & Bagnulo, S.
XXX	Zhou, Y., Apai, D., Bedin, L.R., Lew, B.W.P., Schneider, G., Burgasser, A.J.,
XXX	Suffak, M.W., Jones, C.E., Tycner, C., Henry, G.W., Carciofi, A.C., Mota, B.C. &
XXX	Pope, B.J.S., Dedell, M., Callingham, J.R., Vedantham, H.K., Snellen, I.A.G.,
XXX	Blunt, S., Wang, J.J., Angelo, I., Ngo, H., Cody, D., DeRosa, R.J., Graham, J.R.,
XXX	Kain, I.J., Newton, E.R., Dittmann, J.A., Irwin, J.M., Mann, A.W., Thao, P.C.,
XXX	Bazot, M.

WDS HISTORIC DATA

coord_2000

discov_num

comp

epoch

obs

sep

mag_pri

mag_sec

spectr

dm_number

notes

coord_arcsec_2000

13239+5456

PSF 1

Ca,Cb

2009

207

1.0

4.01

8.00

A5V

N D

132513.53+545916.6

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