| discov_num |
notes |
refcode |
| A 3010 |
104 Tau. |
|
|
Two orbit solutions (Eggen 1956). Observations of this close pair |
Egg1956 |
|
are so scattered that both orbits are highly conjectural. |
|
|
A measure on 1977.9196 was incorrectly attributed to ADS 3701 in |
|
|
McAlister & Hendry (1982); it actually belongs to ADS 4020. |
McA1982b |
|
Visual and speckle observations at 0".1 sep ruled out as spurious by |
|
|
constant RV (Duquennoy & Mayor 1991). |
Duq1991 |
|
Precise velocities are stable to better than 100 m/s over 388 days, |
Nid2002 |
|
so there are no "hot jupiters" and a 2-year period is excluded with |
Tok2010b |
|
high confidence. |
|
|
104 Tau is a G4V dwarf at 16 pc resolved into equal components at 0.1" |
|
|
by R. Aitken in 1912. The WDS contains 16 resolutions of this pair. |
A__1927a |
|
Apart from Aitken himself, it has been resolved on multiple occasions |
|
|
by R.H. Wilson in 1934-1971, by W. Finsen (1953-1955) and by others, |
WRH1941a |
|
although in other instances those observers found it to be single. |
Fin1953d |
|
The measures suggest a near-circular orbit seen face-on with a semi- |
|
|
major axis on the order of 0.1" or 1.5 au. Assuming a mass sum of 2 |
|
|
Msun, the orbital period should be around 1.3 yr; in fact, two orbits |
|
|
with periods 1.19 yr and 2.38 yr were published by Eggen (1956). This |
Egg1956 |
|
binary should be an easy target for speckle interferometry at 4-m |
|
|
telescopes. It was observed 10 times from 1976.9 to 1980.7 with |
|
|
speckle and, surprisingly, found unresolved on all occasions, |
|
|
excluding any short-period orbits. Later, however, two measures were |
|
|
made by the author at a 1-m telescope with a phase-grating |
|
|
interferometer. The first resolution in 1984.8 at 0.04" was tentative |
Tok1985 |
|
(below the diffraction limit), but the second in 1985.7 was secure, |
Tok1988 |
|
being an average of two observations. It was followed by the speckle |
|
|
resolution at 4-m telescope in 1988.17, after which the pair |
Mca1993 |
|
disappeared again. It was found unresolved in 2012. |
Tok2012b |
|
The star is well studied. Two statistical surveys of binaries within |
|
|
25 pc consider it to be single (Duquennoy & Mayor 1991; Raghavan et |
Duq1991 |
|
al. 2010). Heintz & Borgman (1984) state that measures cannot be |
Rag2010 |
|
fitted by any orbit and conclude: "Although this alleged visual binary |
Hei1984i |
|
(ADS 3701) has three published orbits, it is probably spurious". |
|
|
Several independent RV studies have shown that this star is not a |
|
|
spectroscopic binary. Precise RVs measured by Nidever et al. (2002) |
Nid2002 |
|
are stable to better than 100 m s-1 over 388 days, excluding orbital |
|
|
periods from one to two years with high confidence. Data with lower |
|
|
precision show a constant RV of +21 km/s over many years (Duquennoy & |
|
|
Mayor 1991; Abt & Willmarth 2006; Raghavan et al. 2010). The star is |
AbH2006 |
|
located about 1m above the main sequence, supporting the thesis of an |
|
|
equal-component binary. If the orbit is seen face-on, the RV variation |
|
|
would be small, especially if the components are of equal brightness |
|
|
(blended lines move in opposite directions, the centroid stays |
|
|
constant). However, the lines in this star remain narrow and the |
|
|
speckle non-resolution during 3.8 yr firmly excludes a face-on orbit. |
|
|
Remember that 104 Tau is bright (no identification errors possible) |
|
|
and that the components are supposedly equally bright, hence easy to |
|
|
resolve by speckle. If this star is single (as everything seems to |
|
|
suggest), we cannot dismiss its multiple resolutions with micrometer, |
|
|
eyepiece interferometer, and speckle as spurious; occasional image |
|
|
doubling (or at least elongation) must be real. |
Tok2012b |
|
Ghost binary. |
Tok2012b |
|
Malkov et al. (2012) derive dynamical, photometric, and spectroscopic |
|
|
masses of 0.65 +/- 0.09, 2.12, and 1.02 Msun, respectively. |
Mlk2012 |
|
In the WDS summary line this carries an "X" code (non double), but |
|
|
still retains all the historical measures. |
|
| refcode |
metd |
author |
reference |
| A__1927a |
Ma - |
Aitken, R.G. |
1927LicOB..12..170A |
| A__1927a |
|
Lick Obs. Bull. 12, 170, 1927 |
|
| AbH2006 |
orb - |
Abt, H.A., & Willmarth, D. |
2006ApJS..162..207A |
| AbH2006 |
|
ApJS 162, 207, 2006 |
|
| Duq1991 |
- |
Duquennoy, A. & Mayor, M. |
1991A&A...248..485D |
| Duq1991 |
|
A&A 248, 485, 1991 |
|
| Egg1956 |
orb - |
Eggen, O.J. |
1956AJ.....61..405E |
| Egg1956 |
|
AJ 61, 405, 1956 |
|
| Fin1953d |
J - |
Finsen, W.S. |
1953CiUO..113..170F |
| Fin1953d |
|
Union Obs. Johannesburg Circ. 113, 170, 1953 |
|
| Hei1984i |
Po - |
Heintz, W.D. & Borgman, E.R. |
1984AJ.....89.1068H |
| Hei1984i |
|
AJ 89, 1068, 1984 |
|
| McA1982b |
Sc j |
McAlister, H.A. & Hendry, E.M. |
1982ApJS...48..273M |
| McA1982b |
|
ApJS 48, 273, 1982 |
|
| McA1993 |
Sc j |
McAlister, H.A., Mason, B.D., Hartkopf, W.I., & Shara, M.M. |
1993AJ....106.1639M |
| McA1993 |
+orb |
AJ 106, 1639, 1993 |
|
| Mlk2012 |
not - |
Malkov, O.Yu., Tamazian, V.S., Docobo, J.A., & Chulkov, D.A. |
2012A&A...546A..69M |
| Mlk2012 |
|
A&A 546, A69, 2012 |
|
| Nid2002 |
rv - |
Nidever, D.L., Marcy, G.W., Butler, R.P., Fischer, D.A., & Vogt, S.S. |
2002ApJS..141..503N |
| Nid2002 |
|
ApJS 141, 503, 2002 |
|
| Rag2010 |
K - |
Raghavan, D., McAlister, H.A., Henry, T.J., Latham, D.W., Marcy, G.W., |
2010ApJS..190....1R |
| Rag2010 |
+S |
Mason, B.D., Gies, D.R., White, R.J. & ten Brummelaar, T.A. |
|
| Rag2010 |
+P |
ApJS 190, 1, 2010 |
|
| Tok1985 |
Ig u |
Tokovinin, A.A. |
1985A&AS...61..483T |
| Tok1985 |
|
A&AS 61, 483, 1985 |
|
| Tok1988 |
Ig u |
Tokovinin, A.A. & Ismailov, R.M. |
1988A&AS...72..563T |
| Tok1988 |
|
A&AS 72, 563, 1988 |
|
| Tok2010b |
S - |
Tokovinin, A. |
................... |
| Tok2010b |
|
private communication |
|
| Tok2012b |
S j |
Tokovinin, A. |
2012AJ....144...56T |
| Tok2012b |
+orb |
AJ 144, 56, 2012 |
|
| WRH1941a |
J j |
Wilson, R.H. |
1941PFAO....6b...1W |
| WRH1941a |
+Ma |
Pub. Univ. Penn. 6, Pt.4, 3, 1941 |
|
| WRH1941a |
|
(see also U. Penn. Flower Obs. Reprint #34, 1936) |
|
| WRH1941a |
|
(U and T coded observations per van den Bos, J Obs 34, 85, 1951) |
1951JO.....34...85V |
| idgroup |
discov |
author |
| 1 |
A |
Aitken, R.G. |
| 312 |
HLA |
Hirsch, L.A., Ciardi, D.R., Howards, A.W., Marcy, G.W., Ruane, G., Gonzalez, E., |
| 312 |
HLA |
Blunt, S., Crepp, J.R., Fulton, B.J., Isaacson, H., Kosiarek, M., Mawet, D., |
| 312 |
HLA |
Sinukoff, E. & Weiss, L. |
| 313 |
HLA |
Hirsch, L.A., Rosenthal, L., Fulton, B.J., Howard, A.W., Ciardi, D.R., Marcy, G.W., |
| 313 |
HLA |
Nielsen, E., Petigura, E.A., de Rosa, R.J., Isaacson, H., Weiss, L.M., Sinukoff, E. |
